—–. 1989. New Sentence structure and Semantics from Verb Morphology when you look at the Progressive Aramaic: An effective Jewish Dialect out-of Iraqi Kurdistan. American Chinese language Show, 69. The new Retreat: American China Neighborhood.

Meehan, Charles, and you will Jacqueline Alon. 1979. The fresh Child Whoever Tunic Caught so you can Your: A Folktale on Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Zakho (Iraqi Kurdistan). Israel China Education nine:174-203.

Sabar, Yona. 1976. Lel-Huza: Facts and Record inside a period out of Lamentations into Ninth of Abdominal on the Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Zakho. JSS -62.

—–. 1988. The publication out of Exodus within the Neo-Aramaic on the Dialect of your Jewish People out of Zakho [Hebrew]. Jerusalem: Magnes Push.

These six binyanim out-of Syriac was indeed lower in NENA so you’re able to a couple earliest groups, which have a 3rd closely allied toward next

Thomason, Sarah Grey, and you can Terrence Kaufman. 1988. Vocabulary Contact, Creolization, and you may Hereditary Linguistics. Berkeley and you may La: Univ. away from Ca Force.

The initial category descends from the new peal, next class regarding the pael, and third, whoever vocalism pursue that the next, is derived from the fresh afel

Another foundation complicating the issue is the differential influences of your own certain co-territorial languages. The new dialect differences contained in this Kurdish are considerable, and also to their feeling will likely be traced some of the type certainly NENA dialects. Particularly, this new Jewish Neo-Aramaic out of Halabja, such as the Kurdish of city, does not separate a present and you can upcoming stressful, however, where Kurdish preserves including a big change, very do Neo-Aramaic. From inside the Azerbaijan, Turkish have exerted strong affect the Jewish dialect (Garbell 1965b), in addition to languages of one’s simple from Mosul let you know an effective dictate away from Arabic maybe not seen somewhere else.

Tkhuma (Tx): The text regarding descendants regarding emigrants from just one of your semi-independent ashirets off the southern part of Turkey, today citizen over the Khabur Area during the Syria. Data is out of Jacobi (1973) and you can my notes.

(5) Syriac got about three very first spoken stems, this new peal, new pael, while the afel. To those was basically extra three passive stems, molded in the very first of those of the prefixation out of age[Theta]-: the brand new elizabeth[Theta]pael, the fresh elizabeth[Theta]paal, while the ettafal. This situation can be found throughout NENA. In the most common NENA dialects, verbs have a tendency to stay in the newest verb classes where they certainly were included in earlier amount of your vocabulary. Which is, the brand new descendant out-of an excellent Syriac peal verb was a great NENA Group I verb, and you will a Syriac pael verb would-be a good NENA Class II verb: such as for example, Urmi ptaxa ‘open’ out of earlier peal, and you may sadure ‘send’ off earlier pael. Yet not, in the Jewish Azerbaijani, Halabja, and maybe Koy Sanjaq, the category subscription has been reorganized and that’s predictable towards the basis of the form of the new stem instead of its historical supply. Such as, inside the Azerbaijani the new C stem has got the means CaCoC- for sound verbs, any kind of the provider, and you will CCaC- to possess middle-weakened verbs: garosen ‘I are pulling’, however, kwasan ‘I (f.) are descending’ (Garbell 1965, 64).

(11) Various other extremely extreme development into the NENA ‘s the third person copula having l: ile ‘he is’, ila ‘she is’. This form may get (Noldeke 1868, 203) out of we[Theta] leh ‘he has’, but no copula adore it can be found exterior NENA. The original and you may second person do not have an l, but inside the Jewish Azerbaijani, where in actuality the l has been generalized through the paradigm: Jilu iwIt ‘you (masc.) are’, Aradhin we:earn ‘I (masc.) am’, Azerbai big’ (Garbell 1965, 64). ile is located while in the NENA but for the Halabja, that has -(y)e: yarxa rahamim-ye ‘it ‘s the times away from mercy’. Neither Turoyo nor Mandaic provides forms parallel in order to ile: Turoyo harke-yo ‘he is actually here’, harke-zero ‘I are here’; Mandaic basim-ye ‘he is actually charming’, basim-na ‘I are charming’ (Macuch 1965, 443).

(19) The outdated Aramaic word to own ‘son’, bra during the BT, might have been lengthened throughout NENA except Hertevin of the inclusion of your diminutive suffix -ona/-una: Azerbaijan Jewish brona (Garbell 1965, 297), Jilu bruna (Fox 1992, 51), Aradhin bru:na (Krotkoff 1982, 122), Tisqopa brona (Rubba, individual correspondence), Zakho brona (Meehan and you can Alon 1979, 177). Although not, each other Turoyo and Mandaic keeps an enthusiastic epenthetic vowel, however, no suffix: Turoyo ?abro (Jastrow 1985, 221), and you may Mandaic eber otherwise ebra (Macuch 1965, 520).

b) Sometimes, Hertevin aligns that have Turoyo, against the remainder of NENA. They does not have a beneficial CCaCa expose demanding (6), has no sodir preterite (12), has no preposition ta (15), and you can spends ruh to create reflexive pronouns (14).

—–. 1965. The brand new Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect from Persian Azerbaijan: Linguistic Research and you may Folkloristic Texts. Janua Linguarum, show practica step 3. The newest Hague: Mouton.